Microchip identification – microchips – unambiguous identification

The microchip (chip, transponder) is the basic component of an identification system.

A microchip is an electronic component capable of contactlessly transmitting to a reading device the code stored in the chip. The transponder consists of a housing, for example a bioglass capsule measuring 2 × 11 mm, or a ceramic cover of various sizes containing a receiving and a transmitting antenna and a diode matrix carrying the identification (ID) code. This code is generated by computer during manufacturing, and manufacturers guarantee that two or more microchips with the same identification code are not and will not be produced. Using a laser, the identification code is written to the diode matrix in the microchip. Therefore, in theory and in practice, two microchips with the same code should not occur. The microchip is passive, meaning it has no power source and thus does not need recharging or battery replacement. The energy required to transmit the code is obtained from the magnetic field emitted by the reading device (scanner, reader).

When identifying animals and objects, microchips should be used whose code cannot be changed (reprogrammed). Compatibility with reading devices worldwide is also necessary. In the EU this is ensured by the ISO standard.

The veterinary application of a microchip (sometimes called chipping) in animals is performed with a microchip applicator, comparable to a syringe, with the microchip placed in the applicator needle. A veterinarian or a person authorized by the veterinarian may implant the microchip in an animal (as permitted by law). Marking objects with a microchip is usually done by inserting the chip into the interior of the object or by gluing the microchip to a suitable place. These applications are carried out either by a professional service or by the owner of the item.